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Therapies – Relapse Prevention

Building Skills, Awareness, and Support With Relapse Prevention Therapy

What Is Relapse Planning?

How Does Relapse Prevention Planning Work?

Relapse prevention planning is designed to teach self-awareness, develop coping strategies, and create an individualized action plan. At Meridian Recovery, our programming incorporates elements of CBT, motivational interviewing, and mindfulness-based relapse prevention. This integrated model utilizes mindfulness from a traditional relapse prevention perspective to prepare and assist clients in managing cravings and difficult emotions mindfully rather than reactively.

The following are the main teaching strategies incorporated into relapse planning:

  • Identifying Triggers and High-Risk Situations: We work to identify the specific people, places, emotional states, and external stimuli that trigger cravings or relapse. Each individual has unique triggers, and identifying each trigger systemically is the foundation of successful prevention.
  • Developing Coping Strategies: We focus on creating a practical set of evidence-based skills that assist each individual in dealing with negative emotions, interpersonal conflicts, and unexpected stressors without using. Implementation of these strategies will vary depending on the personal experiences of each client.
  • Recognizing Warning Signs: You will learn to recognize the behavioral, emotional, and cognitive signs leading up to a relapse. Once you have recognized these early warning signs (often called “emotional relapse”), you will be able to take action before you reach the point of a physical relapse.
  • Developing a Relapse Prevention Plan: We help you build a comprehensive, written Relapse Prevention Plan. This includes personal triggers, warning signs, coping strategies, and a detailed action plan to use in high-risk situations. This is a living document that will continue to develop throughout treatment and serve as an ongoing resource during aftercare.
  • Building the Support Network: Relapse prevention does not occur in isolation. Establishing a strong support system of family, friends, and community resources is an integral component to achieving long-term recovery.

The result is a permanent, actionable plan based on a deep self-awareness of one’s addictive behavior and the confidence to take positive actions when facing a risk for relapse.

Who Is Relapse Prevention Therapy Right For?

Relapse planning is ideal for everyone in treatment for a substance use disorder. However, it is even more beneficial for individuals who:

  • Have relapsed multiple times: Those who have gone through prior treatment and want to understand the mechanics of what happened in those instances to ensure a different outcome in the future.
  • Are in early recovery: Individuals who are still in the process of developing stable coping skills and face an increased risk for relapse during the first few months of sobriety.
  • Experience emotional dysregulation: Those who have used substances as a primary way to cope with emotional distress, stress, or intense feelings.
  • Are transitioning care levels: Clients moving from a partial hospitalization program (PHP) or intensive outpatient program (IOP) back into their daily lives who require a concrete action plan for protecting their recovery.
  • Have co-occurring mental disorders: Individuals who face frequent or significant emotional distress as a trigger for substance use and need to recognize the specific warning symptoms leading up to a crisis.

Learning to recognize your own relapse risk does not reflect on your willingness to obtain help. Rather, recognizing and accepting that you have a risk for relapsing is a vital component to establishing long-term successful recovery.

What to Expect from Relapse Prevention Therapy

If you are new to relapse prevention, the process generally follows these clinical phases:

  • Early Exploration: During the exploratory phase, the focus is on developing insight and awareness of your history. You will reflect on your triggers, high-risk situations, and the emotional states that have led you to use substances in the past. This process requires honesty and a willingness to look at past behaviors objectively.
  • Skills Development: As therapy continues, the focus shifts toward the practice of specific strategies. You will develop a growing “toolkit” for how to cope with cravings and stressors, rehearsing how you will utilize those skills in real-life situations before they occur.
  • Development and Refinement of Your Plan: You will develop your initial plan throughout treatment and continue to refine it as you develop more insight and experience changes in your life. Feedback from your treatment team is a vital part of making this plan as effective as possible.

Most clients find that relapse prevention work fundamentally shifts the way they think about recovery from a fragile state they are trying to hold onto, to a set of skills and strategies they are actively building and reinforcing every day.

Contact Us

If you or a loved one is looking for addiction treatment that takes relapse prevention seriously, Meridian Recovery is here to help.

Reach out to our admissions team today to learn more about how we can support your lasting recovery at every stage.

What are common relapse triggers?

The triggers associated with relapse are unique to each individual; however, common triggers include emotional stressors, negative emotions such as anxiety or depression, relationship challenges, being around people or places connected with past drug use, boredom, and loneliness.

Is relapse prevention based on CBT?

Yes. Relapse prevention therapy is based on the principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. It aims to identify how one’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors lead to a higher risk of relapse, and then helps create healthier ways to respond to high-risk situations.

What are coping skills for relapse prevention?

Techniques include mindfulness, distress tolerance, thought reframing, utilizing your support network, and engaging in physical activity. The most effective methods are individualized through collaboration with a licensed therapist to match your specific emotional patterns.

When are people in recovery most likely to relapse?

Risk is highest during the early stage of recovery (the first year), during major life changes, or during transitions between levels of care. Meridian Recovery builds planning into every level of care to address these elevated risk periods.

Sources

[1] Guenzel, N., & McChargue, D. (2023, July 21). Addiction relapse prevention. StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551500/ 

[2] Larimer, M. E., Palmer, R. S., & Marlatt, G. A. (1999). Relapse prevention: An overview of Marlatt’s cognitive-behavioral model. Alcohol Research & Health, 23(2), 151–160. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6760427/

[3] National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020, July 13). Drugs, brains, and behavior: The science of addiction. https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/treatment-recovery

[4] U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. (2021). Reducing relapse risk. Whole Health Library. https://www.va.gov/WHOLEHEALTHLIBRARY/tools/reducing-relapse-risk.asp

[4] Bowen, S., Witkiewitz, K., Clifasefi, S. L., Grow, J., Chawla, N., Hsu, S. H., … & Larimer, M. E. (2014). Relative efficacy of mindfulness-based relapse prevention, standard relapse prevention, and treatment as usual for substance use disorders: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 71(5), 547–556. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4546

[5] Roos, C. R., Grodin, E. N., & Witkiewitz, K. (2017). Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for substance use disorders: Effects on cardiac vagal control and craving under stress. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 41(10), 1777–1785. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8139128/

[6] Kadden, R. M., & Litt, M. D. (2011). The role of self-efficacy in the treatment of substance use disorders. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3179802/

[7] National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018). Principles of drug addiction treatment: A research-based guide (3rd ed.). https://nida.nih.gov/sites/default/files/podat_1.pdf